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The book offers a horizontal legal analysis on the problematic of risk sharing, which arises inevitably in an economic and political integration process, such as in the European Union, and even more so in the euro area. The question is how the burden of adverse economic developments is spread across the integration area, in this case the euro area, whether risk is distributed evenly and what risk sharing mechanisms apply. The book looks at the legal basis and the concrete stage of development of such mechanisms in European law, as well as at divergences among national legal orders and practices as a source for risk asymmetries. Individual contributions refer in particular to the areas of banking, capital markets and unemployment insurance. The point of view adopted in the book is important for everyone who wants to develop a robust understanding of the practical functioning of the complex integration process regulated by EU law.

Commercial law. --- European Economic Community. --- Europe—Economic conditions. --- Finance—Law and legislation. --- Europe—Economic integration. --- European Economic Law. --- European Economics. --- Financial Law. --- European Economic Integration. --- Business --- Business law --- Commerce --- Law, Commercial --- Mercantile law --- Law --- Law merchant --- Maritime law --- Law and legislation --- Europe --- Finance --- Economic conditions. --- Law and legislation. --- Economic integration. --- Gay culture Europe --- European Economic Community countries.

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Volume 13 of the EYIEL focuses on “Climate Change and Liability”. The volume starts with a distinguished essay about the decision of the German Constitutional Court on the Climate Change Act in a European and international context. The following contributions consider different aspects of climate change in international economic law.

Foreign trade. International trade --- International law --- Commercial law --- Environmental law --- handelsrecht --- wereldeconomie --- internationaal recht --- internationale economie --- milieurecht --- International law. --- Trade regulation. --- Commercial law. --- European Economic Community. --- International economic relations. --- Environmental Law. --- International Economic Law, Trade Law. --- European Economic Law. --- International Economics. --- Law

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This book offers an in-depth legal analysis concerning the notion of restrictions of competition, be it by object restrictions according to Article 101 TFEU or prima facie abusive practices treated according to the form-based approach under Article 102 TFEU. Although extensive research has been conducted on the notion of object infringements of competition, there is no systematic review of this topic covering both competition provisions, namely Articles 101 and 102 TFEU. This book fills that gap by providing an extensive analysis of the relevant case law, while also covering new phenomena stemming from the digital revolution and its impact on the functioning of traditional markets. In this regard, particular attention is paid to the concept of prima facie infringements and the analysis necessary for their successful establishment. Object restrictions and object abuses are not infringements per se in the sense that they can be established in the abstract and without consideration of the actual legal and economic context (context analysis) within which a measure is implemented. Hence, the indispensable context analysis is informed by the potential economic effects of a given measure. Examining the changes regarding the economic reality and how markets work in the digital economy, this book makes a valuable contribution to the current debate about whether our competition law toolkit is fit and proper to deal with the challenges posed by digitalization. The author argues that while there is a coherent framework covering both Treaty competition provisions as regards object restrictions of competition, the increased use of an actual effect analysis and thus the concept of a restriction of competition by effect represents an underestimated (and underused) weapon for combating measures that are ambivalent from a competition law perspective as regards their (anticompetitive or non-detrimental) nature in a digital economy.

Commercial law. --- European Economic Community. --- Information technology --- Mass media --- International law. --- Trade regulation. --- European Economic Law. --- IT Law, Media Law, Intellectual Property. --- International Economic Law, Trade Law. --- Law and legislation. --- Regulation of trade --- Regulatory reform --- Trade regulation --- Commercial law --- Consumer protection --- Deregulation --- Law of nations --- Nations, Law of --- Public international law --- Law --- Technology and law --- Business --- Business law --- Commerce --- Law, Commercial --- Mercantile law --- Law merchant --- Maritime law --- Law and legislation

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This open access book offers a new account on the legal conflict between privacy and trade in the digital sphere. It develops a fundamental rights theory with a new right to continuous protection of personal data and explores the room for the application of this new right in trade law. Replicable legal analysis and practical solutions show the way to deal with cross-border data flows without violating fundamental rights and trade law principles. The interplay of privacy and trade became a topic of worldwide attention in the wake of Edward Snowden’s revelations concerning US mass surveillance. Based on claims brought forward by the activist Maximilian Schrems, the ECJ passed down two high-profile rulings restricting EU-US data flows. Personal data is relevant for a wide range of services that are supplied across borders and restrictions on data flows therefore have an impact on the trade with such services. After the two rulings by the ECJ, it is less clear then ever how privacy protection and trade can be brought together on an international scale. Although it was widely understood that the legal dispute over EU-US data flows concerns the broad application of EU data protection law, it has never been fully explored just how far the EU’s requirements for the protection of digital rights go and what this means beyond EU-US data flows. This book shows how the international effects of EU data protection law are rooted in the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and that the architecture of EU law demands that the Charter as primary EU law takes precedence over international law. The book sets out to solve the problem of how the EU legal data transfer regime must be designed to implement the EU’s extraterritorial fundamental rights requirements without violating the principles of the WTO’s law on services. It also addresses current developments in international trade law – the conclusion of comprehensive trade agreements – and offers suggestion for the design of data flow clauses that accommodate privacy and trade.

data protection. --- commercial law. --- EU law. --- personal data. --- international trade law. --- cross-frontier data flow. --- information technology. --- digital technology. --- grensoverschrijdende gegevensstroom --- cezhraničný tok údajov --- διαμεθοριακή ροή δεδομένων --- прекогранично кретање података --- презграничен поток от данни --- přeshraniční tok dat --- przepływ danych przez granicę --- flux transfrontière de données --- sreabhadh trasteorann sonraí --- pārrobežu datu plūsma --- gränsöverskridande dataflöde --- prekogranični tok podataka --- rajojen yli tapahtuva tiedonsiirto --- grenzüberschreitender Datenverkehr --- tarpvalstybinis duomenų srautų perdavimas --- flujo transfronterizo de datos --- piiriülene andmevoog --- fluxo de dados transfronteiriço --- čezmejni pretok podatkov --- fluss ta’ data transfruntier --- flusso transfrontaliero di dati --- fluks ndërkufitar i të dhënave --- прекуграничен проток на податоци --- flux transfrontier de date --- grænseoverskridende datastrøm --- határon átnyúló adatáramlás --- prekogranični protok podataka --- nemzetközi adatforgalom --- dlí trádála idirnáisiúnta --- dritt kummerċjali internazzjonali --- internationales Handelsrecht --- drept comercial internațional --- Derecho comercial internacional --- kansainvälinen kauppaoikeus --- tarptautinė prekybos teisė --- e drejtë ndërkombëtare tregtare --- nemzetközi kereskedelmi jog --- international handelsret --- mednarodno trgovinsko pravo --- международно търговско право --- droit commercial international --- międzynarodowe prawo handlowe --- међународно трговинско право --- internationaal handelsrecht --- diritto commerciale internazionale --- διεθνές εμπορικό δίκαιο --- medzinárodné obchodné právo --- internationell handelsrätt --- direito comercial internacional --- međunarodno trgovačko pravo --- меѓународно трговско право --- rahvusvaheline kaubandusõigus --- mezinárodní obchodní právo --- starptautiskās tirdzniecības tiesības --- mezinárodní obchodní zákony --- dados pessoais --- date personale --- személyes adatok --- persoonlijke gegevens --- osobní údaje --- dati personali --- henkilötiedot --- лични податоци --- dane osobowe --- personoplysninger --- asmens duomenys --- isikuandmed --- osobni podaci --- données personnelles --- të dhëna personale --- προσωπικά στοιχεία --- osebni podatki --- лични данни --- osobné údaje --- sonraí pearsanta --- datos personales --- personuppgifter --- personas dati --- persönliche Daten --- data personali --- лични подаци --- matični broj --- osobní data --- JMBG --- osobno ime --- personální údaje --- OIB --- osobni identifikacijski broj --- persondata --- personálie --- asmeniniai duomenys --- pravo EU-a --- ES tiesības --- право ЕУ --- pravo EU --- prawo unijne --- EU-ret --- δίκαιο της ΕΕ --- právo EU --- dlí an Aontais Eorpaigh --- diritto dell'UE --- e drejta e BE-së --- uniós jog --- Derecho de la UE --- unionin oikeus --- droit de l'UE --- EU-Recht --- EU-recht --- ES teisė --- právo EÚ --- legislația UE --- direito da UE --- право на ЕУ --- EU-rätt --- ELi õigus --- liġi tal-UE --- право на ЕС --- pravo Europske unije --- právo Spoločenstva --- normativa comunitaria --- drept comunitar --- diritto europeo --- e drejtë e Bashkimit Europian --- droit de l'Union européenne --- право на Европската заедница --- κοινοτικό δίκαιο --- droit européen --- evropské právo --- réglementation communautaire --- EG-förordningar --- pravo Evropske unije --- direito da União Europeia --- Europos Sąjungos teisė --- uniós jogszabályok --- Euroopa Liidu õigus --- Kopienas noteikumi --- europeisk rätt --- communautaire wetgeving --- Community law --- drept european --- Eurooppa-oikeus --- δίκαιο της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης --- nariadenia Spoločenstva --- legislația Uniunii Europene --- právo Evropské unie --- reglementări comunitare --- Euroopa Ühenduse õigus --- regulamentação comunitária --- prawo Unii Europejskiej --- közösségi jogszabályok --- Community regulations --- fællesskabsbestemmelser --- ευρωπαϊκό Δίκαιο --- právo ES --- European Union law --- Derecho comunitario --- európai uniós jogszabályok --- liġi tal-Unjoni Ewropea --- communautair recht --- yhteisön asetukset --- közösségi rendeletek --- gemenskapsrätt --- az Európai Unió joga --- Derecho europeo --- регулативи на Заедницата --- europsko pravo --- droit communautaire --- direito comunitário --- európai jog --- diritto comunitario --- legislazione comunitaria --- право на ЕЗ --- recht van de Europese Unie --- fællesskabsregler --- Europäisches Recht --- Recht der Europäischen Union --- Bendrijos teisė --- közösségi jog --- EU-jog --- Eiropas Savienības tiesības --- právo Unie --- Derecho de la Unión Europea --- Euroopan unionin oikeus --- право Заједнице --- Gesetzgebung der Gemeinschaft --- EF-ret --- pravo Zajednice --- prawo wspólnotowe --- yhteisön oikeus --- fællesskabsret --- norme comunitarie --- право на Европските заедници --- EG-rätt --- Europees recht --- communautaire voorschriften --- direito europeu --- европско право --- právo Európskej únie --- Право на Общността --- disposizioni comunitarie --- κοινοτική νομοθεσία --- reglamentación comunitaria --- Gemeinschaftsrecht --- право на Европейския съюз --- komunitární právo --- az EU joga --- Kopienas tiesības --- Bendrijos reglamentai --- regolamentazione comunitaria --- európske právo --- communautaire rechtsorde --- legislativa EU --- European law --- право на Европската Унија --- pravo Skupnosti --- Euroopa õigus --- EU:n oikeus --- ühenduse õigus --- diritto dell'Unione europea --- право Уније --- EG-recht --- pravni propisi Europske unije --- Europos teisė --- droit commercial --- prawo handlowe --- kauppaoikeus --- drept comercial --- diritto commerciale --- obchodní právo --- kereskedelmi jog --- obchodné právo --- dritt kummerċjali --- трговско право --- Handelsrecht --- handelsrecht --- direito comercial --- äriõigus --- komercinė teisė --- търговско право --- e drejta tregtare --- komerctiesības --- dlí tráchtála --- Derecho mercantil --- трговинско право --- trgovačko pravo --- handelsret --- handelsrätt --- εμπορικό δίκαιο --- trgovinsko pravo --- комерцијално право --- kauppalainsäädäntö --- legjislacion tregtar --- стопанско право --- kereskedelmi törvénykönyv --- Handelsgesetzgebung --- handelswetgeving --- Derecho comercial --- legislación comercial --- legislazione commerciale --- legislação comercial --- législation commerciale --- trgovinsko zakonodavstvo --- Handelsgesetzbuch --- affärsrätt --- prekybos teisė --- kaubandusõigus --- obchodná legislatíva --- legislație comercială --- äriseadusandlus --- komercdarbības likumdošana --- εμπορική νομοθεσία --- commercial legislation --- prekybos įstatymai --- obchodní legislativa --- handelslovgivning --- zaštita podataka --- tietosuoja --- ochrana údajov --- databeskyttelse --- protecția datelor --- adatvédelem --- përpunim i të dhënave --- Datenschutz --- varstvo podatkov --- protección de datos --- protection des données --- cosaint sonraí --- proteção dos dados --- uppgiftsskydd --- duomenų apsauga --- andmekaitse --- ochrona danych --- datu aizsardzība --- προστασία δεδομένων --- ochrana údajů --- gegevensbescherming --- защита на информация --- protezzjoni tad-data --- заштита на податоци --- заштита података --- protezione dei dati --- Datensicherung --- varnost podatkov --- andmeturve --- ασφάλεια των δεδομένων --- zajištění dat --- dataskydd --- ochrana dat --- databeveiliging --- segurança de dados --- slándáil sonraí --- bezpečnost dat --- безбедност на податоци --- Datensicherheit --- data security --- datu drošība --- gegevensbeveiliging --- aineistoturvallisuus --- sigurnost podataka --- protecção dos dados --- sigurtà tad-data --- сигурност података --- datos protegidos --- sicurezza dei dati --- tietoturva --- zabezpečení údajů --- сигурност на данните --- sécurité des données --- bezpečnosť osobných údajov --- заштита на лични податоци --- bezpieczeństwo danych --- beveiliging van gegevens --- adatbiztonság --- zaštita informacija --- ochrana informací --- duomenų saugumas --- zabezpečení dat --- protezione dei dati personali --- securitate a datelor --- сигурност на податоци --- andmete turvalisus --- digitale Technologie --- teknoloġija diġitali --- digitalna tehnologija --- digitaalitekniikka --- tecnología digital --- digitale technologie --- technologie numérique --- tehnologie digitală --- digital teknologi --- teicneolaíocht dhigiteach --- digitální technologie --- teknologji dixhitale --- цифрова технология --- digital teknik --- digitálna technológia --- ψηφιακή τεχνολογία --- tecnologia digitale --- ciparu tehnoloģija --- digitaaltehnoloogia --- technologia cyfrowa --- skaitmeninė technologija --- tecnologia digital --- digitális technológia --- дигитална технологија --- Digitaltechnologie --- digitalteknik --- Informationstechnologie --- informaatioteknologia --- teknologjia e informacionit --- teicneolaíocht faisnéise --- infotehnoloogia --- tecnología de la información --- informatietechnologie --- tecnologia da informação --- informačná technológia --- информационна технология --- informationsteknologi --- teknoloġija tal-informazzjoni --- informācijas tehnoloģija --- technologie de l'information --- informační technologie --- tehnologia informației --- információtechnológia --- информатичка технологија --- информациона технологија --- informationsteknik --- τεχνολογία των πληροφοριών --- technologia informacyjna --- informacinė technologija --- tecnologia dell'informazione --- informacijska tehnologija --- sidetehnoloogia --- communications technology --- teknologji komunikacioni --- Kommunikationstechnologie --- Information and communication technologies --- technologie de la communication --- výpočetní technika --- komunikačná technológia --- komunikācijas tehnoloģijas --- informacijos technologija --- tehnologia comunicațiilor --- komunikační technologie --- technique de l'information --- ryšių priemonių technologija --- телекомуникациска технологија --- επικοινωνιακή τεχνολογία --- tecnologia da comunicação --- комуникациска технологија --- viestintäteknologia --- ICT --- tecnologia delle telecomunicazioni --- tecnologia delle comunicazioni --- informační technika --- tecnología de la comunicación --- obavijesna tehnologija --- kommunikationsteknologi --- communicatietechnologie --- τεχνική των πληροφοριών --- információs technológia --- International economic & trade law --- Entertainment & media law --- International human rights law --- Data protection in the EU --- Fundamental right to data protection --- Data protectionism --- Data localization --- Privacy shield --- Data transfers from the EU --- International data flows --- GDPR --- WTO law --- Commercial law. --- European Economic Community. --- International law. --- Trade regulation. --- Information technology --- Mass media --- Civil rights. --- European communities. --- European Economic Law. --- International Economic Law, Trade Law. --- IT Law, Media Law, Intellectual Property. --- European Fundamental Rights and Freedoms. --- Law and legislation. --- European federation --- Basic rights --- Civil liberties --- Civil rights --- Constitutional rights --- Fundamental rights --- Rights, Civil --- Constitutional law --- Human rights --- Political persecution --- Technology and law --- Regulation of trade --- Regulatory reform --- Trade regulation --- Commercial law --- Consumer protection --- Deregulation --- Law of nations --- Nations, Law of --- Public international law --- Law --- Business --- Business law --- Commerce --- Law, Commercial --- Mercantile law --- Law merchant --- Maritime law --- Law and legislation